What is Inactivated Polio Vaccine?

What is Inactivated Polio Vaccine?

1. What are polio virus and poliomyelitis?

Poliomyelitis is caused by polio virus which enters orally and establishes infection in the intestine. Reproduced polio viruses are excreted in the stool and infect others orally again. In most cases, infections have no clinical symptoms, but induce immunization to polio viruses. However some may suffer from paralysis for their lifetime in their legs and arms caused by the polio virus that has invaded their spinal cords.

2. Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV)

IPV is a product made of killed polio viruses. IPV has no virulency causing paralysis but enough potency to produce immunity against polio virus infections.

Classification: inactivated vaccine

Age of the subject: 3 months to 90 months

Frequencies and intervals:

#For initial immunization: 3 times with intervals of more than 20 days

#For booster: added once more (fourth time) 6 months after the third injection

(Recommended schedules are: First three injectionswith intervals of 20-56days. Fourth injection at 12-18 months after the third)

((*As of September 1, 2012, the fourth injection is not included in regular immunization schedules, because the clinical trial for the fourth injection is not completed yet. As soon as the results come out, it will be included aspart ofthe regular immunization.))

 

Immunization Schedule for children who have never been vaccined against polioInitial immunization Booster
First   Second  Third   Fourth(More than 20 days)       (More than 20 days)       more than 6 months(20-56days recommended)        (ditto)                 (12-18 months recommended)

 

Schedule forchildren who received oral polio vaccine onceInitial immunization Booster
First (oral)   Second(IPV)   Third (IPV)   Fourth(IPV)(More than 27 days)                          (More than 20 days)          (more than 6 months)

3. Side Effects

The injection site may get red and/or swollen which will last a short time and disappear within several days. IPV does not include live viruses, therefore it will not cause polio-likesymptoms including paralysis.

4.Those who are prohibited to receive the vaccine

  1. Those who have obvious fever.
  2. Those who are acutely ill.
  3. Those who have experienced anaphylactic shock after any vaccine and/or any medications.
  4. Others whom the doctor diagnoses inappropriate to receive the vaccine.

 

5. Consultation with the doctor before the vaccination required for

  1. Those who are ill of heart, kidney, liver or blood disease. Those who are not physically well developed and who are under the care of doctors and /or public health nurses.
  2. Those who have experienced allergic like symptoms such as fever, eruptions and urticaria within 2 days after vaccination.
  3. Those who have experienced convulsion.
  4. Those who have been suspected to have immunological abnormalities, and/or who have relatives with immunological abnormalities.
  5. Those who have allergies to IPV.

 

6. Advice after the vaccination

  1. Please stay in the hospital or in a place where you are easily able to get in contact with the doctor for 30 min. after the vaccination, because the vaccination might cause shock and/or an anaphylactic reaction.
  2. Please consult with the doctor immediately if your child experiences high fever, convulsions and so forth.
  3. Please pay attention to any side effects that appear for 2-3 weeks after the vaccination.
  4. If your child is given other vaccines, please wait for more than 6 days after receiving the polio vaccine.

Your child may have IPV together with other vaccines after a consultation with a doctor.

  1. Bathing is not prohibited, however avoid rubbing at the site of injection.

Keep the injected site clean and have your child follow his/her usual daily activities.Please avoid intense exercises.

 

7. Support Provided if Adverse Events occur

You will receive support and compensation for any side effects by IPV requiring any medical treatment and/or leaving any lifelong disabilities.

Please ask the hospital/clinic you had the vaccination for more information.

((IPV includes bovine serum protein from North America in its manufacturing process. There has been no report of TST (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalitis) due to IPV injections. It is impossible to deny theoretical risk for TSE; however it is considered to be of little risk.))

 

8. To Muslim families

IPV includes swine pancreatic trypsin in its manufacturing process. IPV is approved in 86 countries including Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia and others.

Kin-ikyo Pediatric Clinic Translated by SEMI Sapporo